This C++ code demonstrates working with UTF-8 encoded strings and Unicode characters. Here’s a breakdown of the code and its functionality:
We include necessary headers for input/output, string manipulation, and Unicode conversions.
The examineChar function demonstrates passing a Unicode character (char32_t) to a function and comparing it with character literals.
In the main function, we define a UTF-8 encoded string s containing Thai characters.
We print the length of the string, which gives the number of bytes in the UTF-8 representation.
We iterate over the string to print the hexadecimal values of each byte.
To count the actual number of characters (code points), we convert the UTF-8 string to UTF-32 using std::wstring_convert and std::codecvt_utf8.
We iterate over the UTF-32 string to print each character’s Unicode code point and its starting byte position in the original UTF-8 string.
For each character, we call the examineChar function to demonstrate character comparison.
Note that C++ doesn’t have a built-in rune type like Go, so we use char32_t which can represent any Unicode code point. The std::wstring_convert and std::codecvt_utf8 classes are used for UTF-8 to UTF-32 conversion, which is similar to Go’s UTF-8 handling.
To compile and run this program, you would typically use:
This example demonstrates how to work with Unicode strings in C++, including iterating over characters, counting characters vs bytes, and examining individual Unicode code points.