Variables in C++
In C++, variables are explicitly declared and used by the compiler to check type-correctness of function calls, among other things.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main() {
// Declares and initializes a variable
std::string a = "initial";
std::cout << a << std::endl;
// You can declare multiple variables at once
int b = 1, c = 2;
std::cout << b << " " << c << std::endl;
// C++ will infer the type of initialized variables using auto
auto d = true;
std::cout << std::boolalpha << d << std::endl;
// Variables declared without initialization are not guaranteed to be zero-valued
// It's a good practice to initialize them explicitly
int e = 0;
std::cout << e << std::endl;
// C++ doesn't have a direct equivalent to Go's := syntax
// But you can use auto for type inference
auto f = "apple";
std::cout << f << std::endl;
return 0;
}
To compile and run the program:
$ g++ -std=c++11 variables.cpp -o variables
$ ./variables
initial
1 2
true
0
apple
In C++, variables are typically declared with their type explicitly stated. However, C++11 introduced the auto
keyword, which allows the compiler to deduce the type of a variable from its initializer.
Unlike Go, C++ doesn’t guarantee that uninitialized variables will be zero-valued. It’s a good practice to always initialize variables in C++.
C++ doesn’t have a direct equivalent to Go’s :=
syntax for short variable declaration. However, the auto
keyword can be used for type inference when initializing variables.
Remember that in C++, you need to include the necessary headers (like <iostream>
for input/output operations and <string>
for string handling) and use the std::
namespace prefix (or a using namespace std;
directive) to access standard library features.
C++ also requires a return
statement at the end of the main
function, typically returning 0 to indicate successful execution.