-module(string_formatting).
-export([main/0]).

-record(point, {x, y}).

main() ->
    % Erlang offers several formatting options for strings and other data types.
    % Here are some examples of common string formatting tasks.

    % For basic string formatting, we can use the io:format function.
    P = #point{x = 1, y = 2},
    io:format("struct1: ~p~n", [P]),

    % To include record field names, we can use the #-syntax
    io:format("struct2: ~p~n", [P#point{x = P#point.x, y = P#point.y}]),

    % There's no direct equivalent to Go's %#v, but we can use ~p for a similar effect
    io:format("struct3: ~p~n", [P]),

    % To print the type of a value, we can use erlang:type_of/1
    io:format("type: ~p~n", [erlang:type_of(P)]),

    % Formatting booleans is straightforward
    io:format("bool: ~p~n", [true]),

    % For integers, use ~B for base 10
    io:format("int: ~B~n", [123]),

    % For binary representation, use ~.2B
    io:format("bin: ~.2B~n", [14]),

    % To print a character, use ~c
    io:format("char: ~c~n", [33]),

    % For hexadecimal, use ~.16B
    io:format("hex: ~.16B~n", [456]),

    % For basic float formatting, use ~f
    io:format("float1: ~f~n", [78.9]),

    % For scientific notation, use ~e
    io:format("float2: ~e~n", [123400000.0]),
    io:format("float3: ~E~n", [123400000.0]),

    % For basic string printing, use ~s
    io:format("str1: ~s~n", ["\"string\""]),

    % To include quotes, use ~p
    io:format("str2: ~p~n", ["\"string\""]),

    % For hexadecimal representation of a string, use ~.16B
    io:format("str3: ~.16B~n", [list_to_binary("hex this")]),

    % To print a pointer (reference in Erlang), use ~p
    io:format("pointer: ~p~n", [make_ref()]),

    % To control width, use ~B with a number
    io:format("width1: |~6B|~6B|~n", [12, 345]),

    % For floats with width and precision, use ~w.df
    io:format("width2: |~6.2f|~6.2f|~n", [1.2, 3.45]),

    % To left-justify, use - before the width
    io:format("width3: |~-6.2f|~-6.2f|~n", [1.2, 3.45]),

    % For strings with width
    io:format("width4: |~6s|~6s|~n", ["foo", "b"]),

    % Left-justified strings
    io:format("width5: |~-6s|~-6s|~n", ["foo", "b"]),

    % To format a string without printing, use io_lib:format
    S = io_lib:format("sprintf: a ~s", ["string"]),
    io:format("~s~n", [S]),

    % To print to standard error, use io:format(standard_error, ...)
    io:format(standard_error, "io: an ~s~n", ["error"]).