Xml in JavaScript

Here’s the translation of the XML example from Go to JavaScript, formatted in Markdown suitable for Hugo:

Our example demonstrates how to work with XML in JavaScript. We’ll use the xml2js library for parsing and building XML.

First, let’s install the necessary dependencies:

npm install xml2js

Now, let’s look at the code:

const xml2js = require('xml2js');

// Plant will be mapped to XML. We use a class to define the structure.
class Plant {
    constructor(id, name, origin) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.origin = origin;
    }

    toString() {
        return `Plant id=${this.id}, name=${this.name}, origin=${this.origin}`;
    }
}

async function main() {
    const coffee = new Plant(27, "Coffee", ["Ethiopia", "Brazil"]);

    // Create a new XML builder
    const builder = new xml2js.Builder({rootName: 'plant'});

    // Convert the coffee object to XML
    const xml = builder.buildObject({
        $: {id: coffee.id},
        name: coffee.name,
        origin: coffee.origin
    });

    console.log(xml);

    // To add a generic XML header to the output, prepend it explicitly.
    console.log('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n' + xml);

    // Use parseString to parse a string of XML into a JavaScript object
    const parser = new xml2js.Parser({explicitArray: false});
    const result = await parser.parseStringPromise(xml);
    
    console.log(new Plant(
        result.plant.$.id,
        result.plant.name,
        result.plant.origin
    ).toString());

    const tomato = new Plant(81, "Tomato", ["Mexico", "California"]);

    // Demonstrate nesting of XML elements
    const nesting = {
        nesting: {
            parent: {
                child: {
                    plant: [
                        {
                            $: {id: coffee.id},
                            name: coffee.name,
                            origin: coffee.origin
                        },
                        {
                            $: {id: tomato.id},
                            name: tomato.name,
                            origin: tomato.origin
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    };

    const nestedXml = builder.buildObject(nesting);
    console.log(nestedXml);
}

main().catch(console.error);

This script demonstrates several key aspects of XML processing in JavaScript:

We define a Plant class to represent our data structure.
We use the xml2js.Builder to convert JavaScript objects to XML. The $ property is used to specify attributes.
We demonstrate how to add an XML header to the output.
We use xml2js.Parser to parse XML strings back into JavaScript objects. The explicitArray: false option prevents single elements from being wrapped in arrays.
We show how to create more complex nested XML structures.

When you run this script, you’ll see output similar to this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<plant id="27">
  <name>Coffee</name>
  <origin>Ethiopia</origin>
  <origin>Brazil</origin>
</plant>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<plant id="27">
  <name>Coffee</name>
  <origin>Ethiopia</origin>
  <origin>Brazil</origin>
</plant>

Plant id=27, name=Coffee, origin=Ethiopia,Brazil

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<nesting>
  <parent>
    <child>
      <plant id="27">
        <name>Coffee</name>
        <origin>Ethiopia</origin>
        <origin>Brazil</origin>
      </plant>
      <plant id="81">
        <name>Tomato</name>
        <origin>Mexico</origin>
        <origin>California</origin>
      </plant>
    </child>
  </parent>
</nesting>

This example showcases how to create, parse, and manipulate XML in JavaScript, providing similar functionality to the original example.

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