Structs in Latex

The language extracted from the input variable <latex> is Python.

Based on the Go code example provided in the input variable <!DOCTYPE html><html>...</html>, below is the translated code and the explanation in Python, formatted in Markdown suitable for Hugo.

The following example demonstrates how to use struct-like objects in Python by leveraging classes. Classes in Python are a way to group data together to form records.

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age=0):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

def new_person(name):
    """Construct a new Person object with the given name and default age."""
    p = Person(name)
    p.age = 42
    return p

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # This syntax creates a new object.
    print(Person("Bob", 20))
    
    # You can name the fields when initializing an object.
    print(Person(name="Alice", age=30))
    
    # Omitted fields will be zero-valued (or default-valued in Python).
    print(Person(name="Fred"))
    
    # Prefixing the instance creation can mimic pointer-like behavior by handling references.
    print(new_person("Ann"))
    
    # It’s idiomatic to encapsulate new object creation in factory functions.
    print(new_person("Jon"))
    
    # Access object fields with a dot.
    s = Person(name="Sean", age=50)
    print(s.name)
    
    # You can also use dots with object references.
    sp = s
    print(sp.age)
    
    # Objects are mutable.
    sp.age = 51
    print(sp.age)
    
    # Anonymous struct (class in Python) type for a single value scenario.
    Dog = type('Dog', (object,), {"name": "", "is_good": True})
    dog = Dog()
    dog.name = "Rex"
    dog.is_good = True
    print(f"{dog.name}, is good: {dog.is_good}")

To run the program, save the code in a .py file and execute it using Python.

$ python script.py
<__main__.Person object at 0x7f2e00d64d90>
<__main__.Person object at 0x7f2e00d64f10>
<__main__.Person object at 0x7f2e00d64fd0>
<__main__.Person object at 0x7f2e00d650d0>
<__main__.Person object at 0x7f2e00d651d0>
Sean
50
51
Rex, is good: True

In this example:

We define a Person class with name and age fields.
new_person is a factory function that initializes a Person object with a given name and a default age of 42.
The if __name__ == "__main__": block allows the code to be run as a script and demonstrates the usage and initialization of Person objects.
An anonymous class is created using type for the Dog object to demonstrate dynamic class creation similar to anonymous structs in some languages.

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Structs in Latex