#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Person : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic) int age;
@end

@implementation Person
@end

Person* newPerson(NSString *name) {
    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
    if (p) {
        p.name = name;
        p.age = 42;
    }
    return p;
}

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        // This syntax creates a new object.
        Person *bob = [[Person alloc] init];
        bob.name = @"Bob";
        bob.age = 20;
        NSLog(@"%@", bob);
        
        // You can name the fields when initializing an object.
        Person *alice = [[Person alloc] init];
        alice.name = @"Alice";
        alice.age = 30;
        NSLog(@"%@", alice);
        
        // Omitted fields will be zero-valued.
        Person *fred = [[Person alloc] init];
        fred.name = @"Fred";
        // 'age' field is omitted, so it is zero-valued.
        NSLog(@"%@", fred);
        
        // Using a pointer to the object.
        Person *ann = [[Person alloc] init];
        ann.name = @"Ann";
        ann.age = 40;
        NSLog(@"%@", ann);
        
        // Encapsulate new struct creation in constructor functions
        Person *jon = newPerson(@"Jon");
        NSLog(@"%@", jon);
        
        // Access struct fields with a dot.
        Person *sean = [[Person alloc] init];
        sean.name = @"Sean";
        sean.age = 50;
        NSLog(@"%@", sean.name);
        
        // Dots with object pointers - automatically dereferenced.
        Person *sp = sean;
        NSLog(@"%d", sp.age);
        
        // Structs are mutable.
        sp.age = 51;
        NSLog(@"%d", sp.age);
        
        // Anonymous struct type example.
        struct {
            NSString *name;
            BOOL isGood;
        } dog;
        
        dog.name = @"Rex";
        dog.isGood = YES;
        NSLog(@"%@", dog.name);
    }
    return 0;
}