(* Define a simple record type *)
type point = { x : int; y : int }

let main () =
  (* Create an instance of our point record *)
  let p = { x = 1; y = 2 } in

  (* OCaml uses Printf.printf for formatted printing *)
  Printf.printf "record1: %s\n" (string_of_point p);

  (* To include field names, we can define a custom function *)
  Printf.printf "record2: { x: %d; y: %d }\n" p.x p.y;

  (* For a representation similar to OCaml syntax *)
  Printf.printf "record3: { x = %d; y = %d }\n" p.x p.y;

  (* To print the type of a value, use '%a' with Obj.magic *)
  Printf.printf "type: %s\n" (Obj.magic p);

  (* Formatting booleans *)
  Printf.printf "bool: %B\n" true;

  (* Integer formatting *)
  Printf.printf "int: %d\n" 123;

  (* Binary representation *)
  Printf.printf "bin: %s\n" (String.init 32 (fun i -> if (14 lsr (31 - i)) land 1 = 1 then '1' else '0'));

  (* Character corresponding to an integer *)
  Printf.printf "char: %c\n" (Char.chr 33);

  (* Hexadecimal encoding *)
  Printf.printf "hex: %x\n" 456;

  (* Float formatting *)
  Printf.printf "float1: %f\n" 78.9;

  (* Scientific notation *)
  Printf.printf "float2: %e\n" 123400000.0;
  Printf.printf "float3: %E\n" 123400000.0;

  (* String formatting *)
  Printf.printf "str1: %s\n" "\"string\"";

  (* OCaml doesn't have a direct equivalent to %q, but we can use %S *)
  Printf.printf "str2: %S\n" "\"string\"";

  (* Hexadecimal representation of a string *)
  Printf.printf "str3: %s\n" (String.init (String.length "hex this") (fun i -> Printf.sprintf "%02x" (Char.code "hex this".[i])));

  (* Pointer representation *)
  Printf.printf "pointer: %s\n" (string_of_int (Obj.magic p));

  (* Width specification for integers *)
  Printf.printf "width1: |%6d|%6d|\n" 12 345;

  (* Width and precision for floats *)
  Printf.printf "width2: |%6.2f|%6.2f|\n" 1.2 3.45;

  (* Left-justified width for floats *)
  Printf.printf "width3: |%-6.2f|%-6.2f|\n" 1.2 3.45;

  (* Width for strings *)
  Printf.printf "width4: |%6s|%6s|\n" "foo" "b";

  (* Left-justified width for strings *)
  Printf.printf "width5: |%-6s|%-6s|\n" "foo" "b";

  (* sprintf returns a string without printing *)
  let s = Printf.sprintf "sprintf: a %s" "string" in
  print_endline s;

  (* Printing to stderr *)
  Printf.fprintf stderr "io: an %s\n" "error"

(* Helper function to convert point to string *)
and string_of_point p =
  Printf.sprintf "{%d %d}" p.x p.y

let () = main ()